• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A forage harvester (10) is provided with a chopping drum (22), an ejection accelerator (24) comprising a housing (104) and a rotor (116) arranged therein, a transition housing (104) arranged downstream of the housing (104) of the ejection accelerator (24). 92) and a discharge chute (26) arranged downstream of the transition housing (92) for transferring the shredded crop onto a transport vehicle. The transition housing (92) is rotatably mounted about a pivot axis (114).
    公开号:BE1027602B1
    申请号:E20200089
    申请日:2020-08-03
    公开日:2021-08-03
    发明作者:Christian Heckel；Andreas Rabung
    申请人:Deere & Co；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a forage harvester with a supporting frame that can be moved in a forward direction over a field, a chopping drum for chopping up crops picked up by means of a header, an ejection accelerator arranged downstream of the chopping drum and having a housing and a housing therein Rotor comprises, a downstream of the housing of the ejection accelerator arranged transition housing and a downstream of the transition housing arranged discharge chute for transferring the shredded crop onto a transport vehicle.
    State of the art
    Forage harvesters are used to harvest plants that are picked up or cut off from a field, fed to a chopping device and chopped up by it, and finally loaded onto a transport vehicle.
    For this task, a driven ejection accelerator is provided downstream of the chopping device (or a conditioning device that can optionally be introduced into the crop flow during maize harvesting downstream of the chopping device), which conveys the chopped crop upwards into a transition housing.
    At the upper end of the transition housing, a rotating ring is mounted on a rotating ring about the vertical axis or an axis slightly inclined backwards.
    Actuators are provided in order to rotate the lower part about the vertical axis and to rotate the upper part with respect to the lower part about the horizontal axis.
    Another actuator is used to adjust the discharge flap.
    In the prior art, the mechanical support of the discharge spout takes place via the transition housing, which is permanently coupled to the frame of the forage harvester. For this purpose, reference is made, for example, to EP 2 708 109 A1, in which brackets are shown on the transition housing, which are connected to the actual, supporting frame of the forage harvester via struts. The forces exerted by the discharge spout are therefore transmitted to the frame via the turntable, the transition housing and the struts. Since these forces can be relatively large, especially in the case of longer discharge chutes, the transition housing must have a sufficiently stable structure and is therefore very difficult and expensive to manufacture. Removing the transition housing - designed as a load-bearing part - is very time-consuming, because the discharge spout must first be dismantled before the transition housing can be removed from the frame of the forage harvester.
    EP 0 672 339 A1 shows another forage harvester in which the housing of the ejection accelerator, designed as a radial fan with an axis of rotation inclined backwards and downwards, is attached to a frame structure. The housing of the ejection accelerator is coupled to a tubular fan outlet, which is connected at its upper end to a radially outwardly projecting ring. The ring is loosely received on a base plate, but not attached to it. The gap between the ring and the base plate is closed by a rubber seal. The base plate is in turn connected by cross struts to struts of the frame of the forage harvester. The lower part of the discharge spout, designed as a tube, is rotatably supported on the base plate and is driven for adjustment around the vertical axis by a segmented gearwheel coupled to the tube, which interacts with a motor-driven worm. The tube is additionally supported at approximately half its height on a belt which is fastened to an upper transverse frame element which extends between vertical supports. At the top of the tube is the
    The upper part of the discharge chute is articulated so that it can pivot about a horizontal axis and is adjustable by a hydraulic cylinder. In this forage harvester, the function of the transition housing is performed by the tubular fan outlet. Although this has no load-bearing function, it is nevertheless attached to a relatively poorly accessible location, so that although the discharge spout is not required to be dismantled if the tubular blower outlet is to be replaced or repaired, the discharge accelerator and the ring must first be removed.
    DE 10 2016 215 045 A1 describes a forage harvester with a transition housing, the inner cross-section of which can be adjusted to adapt to different harvesting situations.
    OBJECT The object on which the invention is based is seen in providing a forage harvester which is improved compared to the prior art mentioned, the transition housing of which is easier to maintain and / or can be adapted to different harvesting situations.
    Solution According to the invention, this object is achieved by the teaching of patent claim 1, the further patent claims citing features that further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A forage harvester has a supporting frame that can be moved in a forward direction over a field, a chopping drum for shredding harvested material picked up by means of a harvesting header, an ejection accelerator arranged downstream of the chopping drum, which comprises a housing and a rotor arranged therein, and one downstream of the housing of the ejection accelerator arranged transition housing and a discharge chute arranged downstream of the transition housing for transferring the shredded crop onto a transport vehicle. The transition housing is rotatably mounted on the frame about a pivot axis.
    In this way it is achieved that the transition housing can be adjusted in a simple and quick manner for maintenance purposes and / or to adapt to the respective harvesting situation.
    In particular, the pivot axis can be adjacent to the upper end of the transition housing. However, it could also be positioned at the lower end of the transition housing.
    The pivot axis can extend horizontally and transversely to the forward direction.
    The housing of the ejection accelerator can be coupled or coupled to the transition housing and can be pivoted together with the transition housing about the pivot axis into a maintenance position. Here, the rotor of the ejection accelerator can be attached to the frame and cannot be swiveled into the maintenance position. In another embodiment, however, there is also the possibility of pivoting the transition housing into the maintenance position without also pivoting the housing of the ejection accelerator. In this case, the housing can either not be pivotable with the transition housing at all, i.e. it can be attached rigidly or separately detachable from the supporting frame, or if it is not coupled to the transition housing, which can be pivoted into the maintenance position, it simply remains in place and is not pivoted along with it. When the coupling is attached, however, it swivels with the transition housing into the maintenance position.
    The transition housing can be pivoted into different operating positions with respect to the housing of the ejection accelerator, for the purpose of adapting to different types of crops or throughputs. For this purpose, a sensor for detecting the type of crop and / or the throughput and an actuator that is controlled automatically based on the sensor signal can be provided.
    The pivot axis can be mounted on a support which is coupled to the frame 5 and on which the discharge chute is also supported. In this embodiment, the transition housing has no supporting function for the discharge spout. Exemplary embodiment An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained with the aid of the figures. The figures show: FIG. 1: a schematic side view of a forage harvester, FIG. 2: a side view of the frame of the forage harvester of FIG. 1, FIG. 4: a side view of the ejection accelerator and the transition housing in a normal operating position, FIG. 5: a side view of the ejection accelerator and the transition housing adjusted into a changed operating position, and FIG Maintenance item. A self-propelled forage harvester 10 shown in FIG. 1 is built on a frame 12 which is supported by driven front ground engaging means 14 in the form of wheels and rear ground engaging means 16 in the form of steerable wheels. The forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18 from which a header 20 suitable for harvesting stem-like plants can be viewed. By means of the header 20, which in the illustrated embodiment is a row-independent maize header, material picked up from the ground, e.g. B. corn, grain or the like is fed through upper pre-press rollers 30 and lower pre-press rollers 32 arranged in a feed assembly 36 to a chopping drum 22, which chops it into small pieces and gives it to an ejection accelerator 24. The crop leaves the forage harvester 10 to a trailer driving alongside via an adjustable discharge spout 26. A conditioning device 28 with two co-operating rollers 38, 40 extends between the chopping drum 22 and the conveyor 24, through which the material to be conveyed is transferred to the discharge accelerator 24 is fed tangentially. In the following, directional information - unless otherwise mentioned - relate to the forward direction V of the forage harvester 10, such as front, rear, left and right, which runs from right to left in FIG. 1.
    Between the crop receiving device 20 and the chopping drum 22, the crop is transported by an intake conveyor with lower conveyor rollers 32 and upper conveyor rollers 30 which are mounted inside a intake housing 36. The conveyor rollers 30, 32 are also referred to as pre-press rollers, since the upper conveyor rollers 30 are biased against the lower conveyor rollers 32 by spring force so that the crop is precompacted between the conveyor rollers 30, 32 and can be better cut. The chopping knives distributed around the circumference of the chopping drum 22 cooperate with a shearbar to chop the material.
    Figures 2 and 3 show the frame 12 with the panels removed. The frame 12 comprises two longitudinal beams 42, only one of which can be seen. The other longitudinal beam extends laterally offset to the longitudinal beam 42 shown, parallel to the longitudinal beam 42 shown (or at a horizontal angle thereto) and is connected to the longitudinal beam 42 shown by cross connections.
    The longitudinal beams 42 can be designed as steel beams and have any desired profile (e.g.
    C, double T or box profile).
    On the longitudinal beam 42, among other things, via fastening means (not shown), a drive motor 44 arranged in the rear area of the forage harvester 10 for driving the movable components of the forage harvester 10 and, in front of it, a cooling unit 46 with heat exchangers and a fan for sucking in air (a possible embodiment is in DE 10 2008 040 902 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference into the present documents) that sucks in air from a maintenance room 48.
    The side rail 42 extends from a rear end 54, which is near the rear end of the forage harvester 10, to a front end 52. At the rear end of the side rail 42 is a counterweight assembly 56 with an attached coupling 50 to the side rail 42 connected.
    In the rear third of the longitudinal beam 42, on its underside, attachment means 58 for attaching the rear ground engagement means 16 are attached, which comprises a hydraulic motor 60 for driving the ground engagement means and a transversely extending axle arrangement 64 with flanges 62 on both sides for attaching the rear ground engagement means 16.
    The axle arrangement 64 comprises in known means an optional drive train between the optional hydraulic motor 60 and the flanges 62 which are rotatable about their axis and which can be rotated about the vertical axis by steering means in order to specify the direction of travel of the forage harvester 10.
    One possible embodiment of the attachment means 58 is shown in DE 10 2013 222 254 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present documents by reference.
    Adjacent the front end of the side rail 42, attachment means 66 are provided for attaching the front ground engaging means 14, which include a mounting plate 68 that is positioned on the outside of the side rail 42 and bolted to the side rail 42. End drives 72, which in turn are equipped with rotatable flanges 70 for attaching the ground engaging means 14, are mounted on the fastening plate 68. The flanges 70 are drivingly connected via the final drives 72 to mechanical or hydrostatic or electrical drive means, which in turn can be driven by the drive motor 44. If the ground engaging means 14, 16, as shown in FIG. 1, are designed as wheels, the rims of the wheels are connected to the flanges 64, 70, as shown in FIG. If, on the other hand, the ground engaging means are designed as crawler tracks, a drive wheel of the crawler track is connected to the flange 64 or 70. The axis of rotation 74 of the flange 70 (and thus of the front ground engagement means 14) is located above the lower edge 78 of the area of the longitudinal member 42 adjacent to the axis of rotation 74, in particular approximately at the level of the upper edge 76 of the region of the longitudinal member 42 adjacent to the axis of rotation 74 The longitudinal member 42 rises linearly overall from the front to the rear, ie the upper edge 76 is lower at the front end 52 of the longitudinal member 42 than at the rear end 54, which also applies analogously to the lower edge 78. In addition, the longitudinal beam 42 tapers from the front to the rear, at least until shortly before the rear end 54, i.e. lower edge 78 and upper edge 76 converge towards the rear.
    A holder 80 for attaching the chopping drum 22 is also provided at the front end of the longitudinal beam 42 and comprises a fastening plate 82 which is positioned on the inside of the longitudinal beam 42 and is screwed to the longitudinal beam 42. The fastening plate 82 extends forward over the front end 52 of the longitudinal member 42 and comprises a fork 84 at the front end, which is used to hold bearings of the chopping drum 22. The intake housing 36 is also rotatable about the axis of rotation of the chopping drum 22 in a manner known per se and is adjustably supported by a hydraulic cylinder not shown in the figures. The fork 84 is arranged at a height that the
    The axis of rotation of the chopping drum 22 is located slightly above the upper edge 76 of the front region of the longitudinal member 42. The axis of rotation of the chopping drum 22 is also located in front of the front end 52 of the longitudinal member 42.
    The conditioning device 28 with the two rollers 38, 40 is located with the rear roller 40 above the area of the longitudinal member 42 adjacent to the front end 52, while the front roller 38 is located partially in front of the front end 52 in the forward direction V. The conditioning device 28 is designed as an assembly that can be removed as a whole from the crop channel, as is described, for example, in DE 10 2010 002 509 A1, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present documents by reference. The rollers 38, 40 are driven by a belt 86 which is driven by a belt pulley coupled to the shaft of the ejection accelerator 24 and revolves around belt pulleys coupled to the rollers 38, 40 and a freely rotating belt pulley 88. In the operating position shown, the conditioning device 28 is indirectly supported on the longitudinal beam 42 via suitable means.
    A support 98 of a rotary bearing 90 of the discharge spout 26, which enables the discharge spout 26 to rotate about an exactly or approximately vertical axis, is supported by an auxiliary frame structure on the longitudinal member 42. The subframe structure includes a rear submount 94 which extends obliquely forward and upward from an attachment point 102 located approximately one quarter of the length of the side member 42 and is attached to the rear end of the support 98. In addition, a front auxiliary carrier 96 is provided, the lower end of which is fastened to the fastening plate 82 of the chopping drum 22. From the lower end, the front auxiliary carrier 96 extends vertically upwards to approximately the level of the axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24, there then obliquely backwards and upwards and somewhat backwards the axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24 again steeply upwards and is with the front end of the support 98 connected.
    A horizontal carrier, to which the cabin 18 is fastened, can also be attached to the front auxiliary carrier 96, in particular in the vicinity of the axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24.
    The discharge spout 26 comprises a tubular lower part 106 which is supported on the support 98 by means of the rotary bearing 90 and which can be rotated about the vertical or slightly rearwardly inclined axis relative to the support by means of an adjusting drive (not shown), as well as an upper part 108 which is actuated by an actuator 110 is pivotable relative to the lower part 106 about a horizontal axis.
    At the outer end of the discharge spout 26, an actuator-adjustable discharge flap 112 is attached.
    A transition housing 92 is also attached to the support 98 of the rotary bearing 90 of the discharge spout 26, which extends between the housing 104 of the discharge accelerator 24 and the lower end of the discharge spout 26 and serves as a channel for the chopped crop downstream of the discharge accelerator 24.
    The axis of rotation of the ejection accelerator 24 is connected to the front auxiliary carrier 96 via a holder 100.
    The housing 104 of the ejection accelerator 24 is also fastened to the holder 100.
    It should be noted that a further subframe construction with sub-beams 94, 96 is attached to the other longitudinal beam, which is not shown in the figures.
    These auxiliary carriers 94, 96 are connected to one another by the support 98.
    Brackets 100 are also attached to both auxiliary carriers 96 and both sides of the ejection accelerator 24, which also applies analogously to the attachment means 66 and the bracket 80.
    All of the means mentioned here are mirror-symmetrical to the vertical longitudinal center plane of the forage harvester 10. The support of the discharge chute 26 on the longitudinal members 42 of the frame 12 takes place via the pivot bearing 90, the support 98 and the subframe construction with the auxiliary members 94 and 96, while the transition housing 92 is relieved of a load-bearing function for the discharge spout 26.
    In the embodiment shown, the chopping drum 22 and the ejection accelerator 24 are driven in a manner known per se via a further belt which can be driven via a gear unit driven by the drive motor 44, for which reference is made to the disclosure of EP 2 269 439 A1, which is provided by Reference is included in the present documents.
    The transition housing 92 is not rigidly attached to the support 98, but rather is attached so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 114 extending transversely to the forward direction V. Opposite the housing 104 of the ejection accelerator 24, the transition housing 92 is freely movable, which makes it possible to move it from a normal operating position shown in FIG Level lie to spend in a changed operating position, as shown in Figure 5.
    During the harvesting operation, the transition housing 92 can accordingly be pivoted into different positions about the pivot axis 114, either manually or by an actuator, not shown, which can be adjusted automatically via a user interface or based on sensor values. By pivoting the transition housing 92, an adaptation to different types of crop and / or the respective crop throughput and / or the current transfer distance can take place, e.g. by moving the transition housing 92 into the position shown in FIG. 4 with a high crop throughput and / or high transfer distance, in which there is a relatively large cross-section of the crop channel in the transition area between the housing 104 and the transition housing 92, while the position according to FIG Smaller transfer distances are suitable, which can otherwise lead to turbulence, which leads to crop flow problems and enables energy-saving operation of the ejection accelerator. In the front position, as shown in FIG. 4, a narrow distance between a tangent to the enveloping circle of the paddles of the ejection accelerator 24 and the rear wall of the transition housing 92 is realized. This small distance improves the throwing performance and can be used when chopping (i.e. when opening the field, when the transport vehicle is driving behind the forage harvester 10 and the transfer distance is therefore relatively large). In further operation, by pivoting the transition housing 92, the distance between the tangent to the enveloping circle of the paddle and the rear wall of the transition housing 92 can be increased, as shown in FIG. A pivoting of the transition housing 92 is also conceivable in order to provide only a relatively small intervention of the ejection accelerator 24 in the crop flow in certain harvesting conditions in order to save energy.
    The procedure described here, in which the transition housing 92 is pivoted, can replace or supplement an adjustment, known per se, of the distance between the rotor of the ejection accelerator 24 and the rear wall 104 of its housing. The procedure described here also makes it possible, if necessary, to provide a greater distance between the rear wall of the transition housing 92 and the rear wall 104 of the ejection accelerator 24 in order to react to different harvesting situations.
    For possible details on the sensor-based adjustment of the transition housing 92, refer to DE 10 2016 215 045
    Ai and EP 1 380 204 A1, the disclosure of which is fully incorporated into the present documents by reference.
    It is also possible to couple the housing 104 of the ejection accelerator 24 to the transition housing 92,
    be it permanent or only temporary, e.g. through flanges that can be screwed together.
    Then there is the possibility of pivoting the housing 104 together with the transition housing 92 into a maintenance position about the pivot axis 114, as shown in FIG.
    In contrast, the rotor 116 of the ejection accelerator 24 remains attached to the holder 100 even in the maintenance position of the housing 104.
    The maintenance position enables wear parts of the rotor 116 (e.g.
    Paddle) and housing 104 and / or transition housing 92 (e.g.
    Wear inserts) to remove blockages in the housing 104 or transition housing 92 or to clean them.
    Since the housing 104 and the transition housing 92 do not have to absorb any or only small forces, it is possible to design them as wear parts and to dispense with wear inserts.
    They can therefore also be manufactured inexpensively from plastic.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Forage harvester (10) with a supporting frame (12) which can be moved in a forward direction (V) over a field, a chopping drum (22) for chopping crops picked up by means of a harvesting header (20), and one downstream of the chopping drum (22) ) arranged ejection accelerator (24), which comprises a housing (104) and a rotor (116) arranged therein, a transition housing (92) arranged downstream of the housing (104) of the ejection accelerator (24) and an ejection elbow arranged downstream of the transition housing (92) (26) for loading the shredded crop onto a transport vehicle, characterized in that the transition housing (92) is rotatably mounted on the frame (12) about a pivot axis (114).
    [2]
    2. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 1, wherein the pivot axis (114) is adjacent to the upper end of the transition housing (92).
    [3]
    3. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pivot axis (114) extends horizontally and transversely to the forward direction (V).
    [4]
    4. Forage harvester (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing (104) of the ejection accelerator (24) can be coupled or coupled to the transition housing (92) and is in a maintenance position together with the transition housing (92) about the pivot axis (114) is pivotable.
    [5]
    5. Forage harvester (10) according to claim 4, wherein the rotor (116) of the ejection accelerator (24) is attached to the frame (12) and cannot be pivoted into the maintenance position.
    [6]
    6. Forage harvester (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transition housing (92) opposite the housing
    (104) of the ejection accelerator (24) can be pivoted into different operating positions.
    [7]
    7. Forage harvester according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pivot axis is mounted on a support (98) which is coupled to the frame (12) and on which the discharge chute (26) is also supported.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP1709858B1|2010-01-06|Harvester head for agricultural machines
    EP1444881A2|2004-08-11|Drive system for the harvesting attachment of a harvesting machine
    EP0787425B2|2004-10-20|Chopper and conveying device
    DE102010002730B4|2015-12-24|Harvesting machine with a transport device for the installation and removal of a Erntegutbearbeitungseinrichtung
    EP1151654A1|2001-11-07|Harvesting machine especially self-propelled forage harvester
    EP2708109B1|2017-08-09|Agricultural harvester
    EP3203827A2|2017-08-16|Stripper-harvester; harvesting device
    EP1618777B1|2007-11-14|Discharge device of an agricultural harvesting machine
    DE102009002092A1|2010-10-07|Harvested crop haulage system for self-propelled field chopper, has air blower that impacts harvested crop with directional air flow that flows in direction of conveyance of harvested crop
    BE1027602B1|2021-08-03|Forage harvester with swiveling transition housing
    EP1894463B1|2013-01-02|Agricultural harvester with an excess load device
    BE1028095B1|2022-01-20|Harvesting attachment with mulching devices for processing plant stumps standing on a field with improved protection against thrown stones
    EP2020175B1|2014-09-10|Harvesting machine with an adjustable transfer device
    BE1027579B1|2021-07-26|Forage harvester with two-part transition housing
    BE1027578B1|2021-08-03|Forage harvester with discharge spout supported separately from the transition housing
    EP0113335B1|1987-09-09|Motor vehicle with a variable position driver's cab
    BE1027577B1|2021-08-03|Forage harvester with a supporting frame
    EP1044595A1|2000-10-18|Conveyor assembly
    DE102016215045A1|2018-02-15|Transition housing for a forage harvester
    EP2130425A1|2009-12-09|Shredder drum assembly
    DE1942733A1|1970-04-02|Harvester
    DE102019005662A1|2021-02-18|Discharge spout for a forage harvester
    EP2684442A1|2014-01-15|Mowing vehicle
    EP3069596B1|2017-12-20|Forage harvester
    EP1483954A1|2004-12-08|Drive unit for a material transporting device, especially for a maschine for picking up gras
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE102019215598A1|2021-04-15|
    BE1027602A1|2021-04-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE1204449B|1964-11-06|1965-11-04|Fortschritt Veb K|Flail chopper|
    US4616961A|1984-07-05|1986-10-14|Gehl Company|Forage blower having a removable outlet transition member|
    DE102007055756A1|2007-12-11|2009-06-25|Lacotec Engineering Gmbh|Forage harvester for processing granular harvested crop e.g. corn, has conveyer system for reforwarding of harvested crop, where crushing device or conveyer system are used alternatively at similar position of process section|
    EP2708109A1|2012-09-13|2014-03-19|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|Agricultural harvester|
    DE102016215045A1|2016-08-12|2018-02-15|Deere & Company|Transition housing for a forage harvester|
    GB2287633A|1994-03-16|1995-09-27|New Holland Belguim Nv|Forage harvester|
    DE10231316A1|2002-07-10|2004-01-29|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Method and device for automatically changing the position of the post-acceleration device in an agricultural harvesting machine|
    DE102008040902B4|2008-07-31|2017-05-11|Deere & Company|Self-propelled harvester with a sliding into a maintenance position screening device|
    EP2269439B1|2009-05-08|2016-08-10|Deere & Company|Self-propelled agricultural harvesting machine with two combustion engines|
    DE102010002509A1|2010-03-02|2011-09-08|Deere & Company|Forage harvester with a movable between an operating position and a non-operating position conditioning|
    DE102013222254A1|2013-10-31|2015-04-30|Deere & Company|Sprung rear axle arrangement of a harvester|
    法律状态:
    2021-09-03| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20210803 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102019215598.7A|DE102019215598A1|2019-10-11|2019-10-11|Forage harvester with swiveling transition housing|
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